Elsewhere, military expenditure trends varied. The United Kingdom reduced its spending by 2 percent to $89 billion, while France recorded a modest increase of 1.5 percent to $68 billion. India, the world’s fifth-largest military spender, raised its budget by 8.9 percent to $92.1 billion, while Pakistan’s spending grew by 11 percent to $11.9 billion.
Saudi Arabia increased its military expenditure by 1.4 percent to $83.2 billion, maintaining its position among the top global spenders. In Africa, total military spending rose by 8.5 percent to $58.2 billion, with Nigeria recording a sharp
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